¡¡¡¡ÔÚ°ÙÄ궷ÕùÀú³ÌÖУ¬Öйú¹²²úµ³Ê¼ÖÕÇ¿µ÷ÌúÒ»°ãµÄ¸ÕÐԵļÍÂÉÔ¼Êø£¬°ü¹ÜÈ«µ³Òâ־ͳһ¡¢Ðж¯Í³Ò»¡¢³ÌÐòÒ»Ö£¬ÐγɼáÇ¿ÎޱȵÄÁìµ¼Á¦£¬È·±£µ³µÄÊÂÒµ´ÓʤÀû×ßÏòʤÀû¡£´ÓÕâ¸öÒâÒåÉϽ²£¬ÑÏÃ÷¼ÍÂɹØϵµ³µÄÉúËÀÉúËÀ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦¼¯ÖÐÌåÏÖΪ°ÑÆ«Ïò¡¢Ä±ÕóÊÆ¡¢¶¨Õþ²ß¡¢×¥ÂäʵµÄÄÜÁ¦¼°ÄÜЧ£¬¼ÍÂÉÔ¼ÊøÁ¦¾ÍÊǵ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦µÄÏÔÖø±ê¼ÇºÍÇ¿´óÖ§³Å¡£Ä¿½ñ£¬Ãæ¶ÔÊÀ½ç°ÙÄêδÓÐÖ®´ó±ä¾ÖºÍʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´óÔÙÆðÕ½ÂÔÈ«¾Ö£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³ÒªÓÐЧӦ¶ÔÇ°ËùδÓеÄÖÖÖÖÌôÕ½¡¢»¯½âÖÖÖÖΣº¦¡¢ÍƽøÖйúÌØÉ«Éç»áÖ÷ÒåÊÂÒµ£¬±ØÐë½øÒ»²½ÔöÇ¿µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨É裬ʹµ³µÄÁìµ¼Ô½·¢¼áÇ¿ÓÐÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉÊÇÖйú¹²²úµ³¼áÇ¿Áìµ¼Á¦µÄÏÊÃ÷ÌØÖÊ
¡¡¡¡¶ÔÒ»¸öÕþµ³¶øÑÔ£¬µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÊǵ³µÄ½¨ÉèµÄÒªº¦Ò»»·£¬Êǵ³µÄ¸÷¼¶×éÖ¯ºÍÈ«Ìåµ³Ô±±ØÐë×ñÊصÄÐÐΪ¹æÔò¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³ÊÇ¿¿¸ïÃüÀíÏëºÍÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉ×éÖ¯ÆðÀ´µÄÂí¿Ë˼Ö÷ÒåÕþµ³£¬Ã¿¸öÀúʷʱÆÚ¶¼¼«ÎªÖØÊÓ¼ÍÂɽ¨Éè¡£µ³µÄÑÏÃ÷¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÁîÐнûÖ¹£¬À×À÷Á÷ÐУ¬²»µ«¾ßÓÐÇ¿´óµÄÔ¼ÊøÁ¦ºÍ¸ßѹÁ¦£¬²¢ÇÒ±¬·¢Ç¿´óµÄÖ´ÐÐÁ¦ºÍÕ½¶·Á¦£¬ÏÔʾÁ˹¥ÎÞ²»¿Ë¡¢Õ½ÎÞ²»¿°µÄ°õíçÁ¦Á¿¡£ÓÉ´Ë£¬ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂɳÉΪµ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦µÄ¼¯ÖÐÌåÏÖºÍÏÔÖø±ê¼Ç£¬³ÉΪµ³µÄÇìÐҹŰåºÍÆæÌØÓÅÊÆ¡£
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³½¨Á¢Ê±£¬µ³×éÖ¯ÖÐÓÐÂí¿Ë˼Ö÷ÒåÕߣ¬ÁíÓÐÎÞÕþ¸®Ö÷ÒåÕß¡£Î§ÈÆÒª²»ÒªÑÏÃܵÄ×éÖ¯ÓëÑϸñµÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬±¬·¢ÁËÑÏÖز»Í¬ÓëÃÍÁÒÕùÂÛ¡£ºÃ±È£¬ÔÚ±±¾©¹²²úÖ÷ÒåС×éÖУ¬»ÆÁè˪µÈÎÞÕþ¸®Ö÷ÒåÕß¾¡Á¦Ö÷ÕÅ×ÔÓɵÄÁªºÏ£¬×èµ²µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɺÍÖ°Îñ·Ö¹¤£¬×èµ²µ³µÄ¼¯ÖÐÁìµ¼£»Àî´óîȵÈÈËÔò¼á³Öƾ¾ÝÂí¿Ë˼Ö÷ÒåÀíÂÛºÍÁÐÄþ½¨µ³Ë¼Ï룬½¨Á¢ÓÐÑÏÃÜ×éÖ¯ÓëÑϸñ¼ÍÂɵŤÈ˽׼¶Õþµ³¡£ÕùÂÛÖ®ºóË«·½·ÖµÀÑïïð£¬ÎÞÕþ¸®Ö÷ÒåÕßÍ˳öÁ˵³µÄ×éÖ¯¡£¸÷µØ¹²²úµ³ÔçÆÚ×éÖ¯ÔÚ½¨µ³Àú³ÌÖÐÓëÖÖÖÖ·ÇÂí¿Ë˼Ö÷Òå¡¢·´Âí¿Ë˼Ö÷ÒåÌرðÊÇÎÞÕþ¸®Ö÷Òå˼³±µÄ¶·Õù£¬Îª½¨Á¢¾ßÓÐÑϸñ×éÖ¯ÐÔ¼ÍÂÉÐÔµÄÎÞ²ú½×¼¶Õþµ³µÓÚ¨Á˼áʵ»ù´¡¡£
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³´Ó½µÉúÖ®ÈÕÆð¾Í×¢Èë¼ÍÂÉÑÏÃ÷µÄ»ùÒò¡£´ÓÒ»´óµ³¸Ùµ½¶þ´óµ³Õ£¬µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɳÉΪÌÖÂÛµÄÈȵ㡣һ´óµ³¸Ù¹²15Ìõ900Óà×Ö£¬ËäȻûÓÐרÃŵļÍÂÉÌõ¿î£¬µ«°üÀ¨´ó×Ú¹ØÓÚ¼ÍÂÉÒªÇóºÍµ³ÄڼලµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£¶þ´óµ³Õ¶Ե³µÄÕþÖΡ¢¾¼Ã¡¢×éÖ¯¡¢ÊÂÇéµÈ·½Ãæ¼ÍÂÉ×÷ÁËÃ÷È·»®¶¨¡£¶þ´óµ³Õ¹²ÎåÕÂ2400¶à×Ö£¬×¨½²¡°¼ÍÂÉ¡±µÄ¾ÍÓÐ9¸öÌõ¿î700¶à×Ö£¬Õ¼µ³ÕÂÈ«ÎĵĽüÈý·ÖÖ®Ò»£¬¿É¼û·ÖÁ¿Ö®ÖØ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÃñÖ÷¸ïÃüʱÆÚ£¬µ³Ô±ºÍµ³µÄ×éÖ¯´¦ÔÚ¼«Æä±°ÁӺͲпáµÄÇé¿öÖ®ÖУ¬ÑÏÃ÷µÄ¼ÍÂÉÊÇÍê³É¸ïÃü¶·ÕùÈÎÎñµÄÖØÒª°ü¹Ü¡£Òò´Ë£¬¡°ÎÞ²ú½×¼¶Õþµ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÓëÆäËûÕþµ³µÄ¼ÍÂɲî±ð£¬¾ÍÊÇËûµÄ¼ÍÂÉÊÇÌúµÄ¡±¡£Ö»ÓÐÒÔÌúµÄ¼ÍÂɽøÐÐ×éÖ¯½¨ÉèºÍ¸ïÃü¶·Õù£¬²Å»ªÊ¹¸ïÃü²»¾øÏòÇ°Éú³¤¡£¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³µÚÈý´ÎÐÞÕýÕ³̾ö°¸¡·¿ª×ÚÃ÷ÒåµØÌá³ö£º¡°Ñϸñµ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÊÇÈ«Ìåµ³Ô±¼°È«Ìåµ³²¿×î³õµÄ×îÖØÒªµÄÒåÎñ¡±¡°Ö»ÓÐÑÏÀ÷µÄ£¨µØ£©Ö´Ðе³µÄ¼ÍÂɲŻªÍì¾Èµ³µÄΣ»ú¡±¡£ÕýÒò´Ë£¬µ³Ê¼ÖÕŬÁ¦µØ´òÔìÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬Õâ¹ØÓÚ½¨ÉèÒ»¸ö¼¯ÖÐͳһµÄ¾ßÓÐÇ¿´óÁìµ¼Á¦µÄÕþµ³¾ßÓоö¶¨ÐÔµÄÀúÊ·ÒâÒå¡£
¡¡¡¡ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉʹÖйú¹²²úµ³²»¾øÉú³¤×³´óÆðÀ´£¬¸ïÃü¶·ÕùÐÎÊÆ¡°´Ý¿ÝÀÐࡱ£¬²»¿ÉÄæת¡£½â·ÅÕ½ÕùÖУ¬¹úÃñµ³ÔÚÈËÁ¦ÎïÁ¦²ÆÁ¦µÈ·½ÃæÓÐ׿«´óµÄÓÅÊÆ£¬µ«¹úÃñµ³¼°Æä¾ü¶Ó¼ÍÂÉ»ÁÉ¢£¬Óë¹²²úµ³ºÍÈËÃñ¾ü¶Ó¼ÍÂÉÑÏÃ÷ÐγÉÏÊÃ÷±ÈÕÕ£¬Ô±¾¼Æ»®Òª´òÎåÄêµÄ½â·ÅÕ½ÕùÌáÇ°Ðû¸æ½áÊø¡£Êµ¼ùÖ¤Ã÷£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³È¡µÃ¸ïÃüʤÀû£¬²»ÊÇ¿¿ÈËÊýȡʤ£¬Ò²²»ÊÇ¿¿×°±¸È¡Ê¤£¬¶øÊÇ¿¿ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³ÓÃÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉÎä×°²½¶Ó¡¢¿¿ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉսʤ³ðÈË£¬³ä·ÖÓ¡Ö¤ÁËëÔ󶫡°ÔöÇ¿¼ÍÂÉÐÔ£¬¸ïÃüÎÞ²»¿°¡±µÄ¾µäÂÛÊö¡£
¡¡¡¡ÐÂÖйú½¨Á¢ºó£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ç¸º¹ú¼Òïʢ¡¢Ãñ×åÕñÐË¡¢ÈËÃñÐÒ¸£µÄÀúÊ·ÖØÈΣ¬Í¬Ê±ÃæÁÙ´ÓδÓйýµÄÖ´Õþ¿¼ÑéºÍÌôÕ½¡£µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÁ¬ÐøÍƽø£¬µ³µÄ×éÖ¯ÌåϵÖð²½Í걸¡£1956Äêµ³µÄ°Ë´óÖƶ¨ÁËÎÒÃǵ³ÔÚÈ«¹úÖ´ÕþºóµÄµÚÒ»²¿µ³Õ£¬Ã÷È·Ö¸³ö£º¡°µ³ÊÇÒÔÒ»Çе³Ô±¶¼Òª×ñÊصļÍÂÉÁª½áÆðÀ´µÄͳһµÄÕ½¶·×éÖ¯£»Ã»ÓмÍÂÉ£¬µ³¾ö²»¿ÉÁìµ¼¹ú¼ÒºÍÈËÃñսʤǿ´óµÄ³ðÈ˶øʵÏÖÉç»áÖ÷ÒåºÍ¹²²úÖ÷Ò塱¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄʮһ½ìÈýÖÐÈ«»á±ê¼ÇÖйúÀúÊ·µÄΰ´óתÕÛ£¬µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÓÉ´Ë¿ìËÙÍƽø¡£ÎÒÃǵ³Éî¿Ì×ܽᡰÎÄ»¯´ó¸ïÃü¡±Ê±ÆÚÎÞ×éÖ¯¡¢ÎÞ¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÎÞÕþ¸®µÄÆà²Ò½Ìѵ£¬Çå³þµØÒâʶµ½¡°ÎÒÃÇÕâô´óÒ»¸ö¹ú¼Ò£¬ÔõÑù²Å»ªÍŽáÆðÀ´¡¢×éÖ¯ÆðÀ´ÄØ£¿Ò»¿¿ÀíÏ룬¶þ¿¿¼ÍÂÉ¡±¡£µ³µÄʮһ½ìÎåÖÐÈ«»áͨ¹ý¡¶¹ØÓÚµ³ÄÚÕþÖÎÉú»îµÄÈô¸É×¼Ôò¡·£¬Ìá³öÊ®¶þÌõ»ù±¾¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÎªÑÏÃ÷µ³µÄÕþÖμÍÂɺÍÕþÖιæÔòÌṩÁË»ù±¾ÒÀ¾Ý¡£½øÈëÐÂÊÀ¼Í£¬µ³ÖÐÑë¾¹ýÊÔÐÐÍêÉÆÁË¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂÉ´¦·ÖÌõÀý¡·µÈµ³ÄÚ¹æÔò¡£½ñºó£¬»¹¹«²¼¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³Ñ²ÊÓÊÂÇéÌõÀý¡·¡¶½¨Á¢½¡È«½ÌÓý¡¢Öƶȡ¢¼à¶½²¢ÖصijͰìºÍÔ¤·ÀÃÓÀÃÌåϵʵʩ¸ÙÒª¡·µÈÖØÒªÎļþ¡£µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄÖƶȰü¹Ü½øÒ»²½ÔöÇ¿£¬¶ÔÑÏÃ÷µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Î¬»¤µ³µÄÍŽáͳһÆðµ½ÁËÖØÒª×÷Óá£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÒÔÀ´£¬ÊÀÇé¹úÇéµ³Ç鱬·¢Éî¿Ì±ä¸ï¡£ÎªÁËÓ¦¶ÔÅÓ´óÑϾþµÄΣº¦ÌôÕ½£¬µ³ÖÐÑë¼á³Ö°Ñ¼ÍÂÉͦÔÚÇ°Ã棬ÓÃÌúµÄÊÖÍóÔöÇ¿¼ÍÂɽ¨É裬´òÔìÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉÖØËܵ³µÄÐÎÏó£¬Ê¹µ³»À·¢³öеÄÉú»ú»îÁ¦¡£Ò»ÊÇÈ·Á¢¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄÖε±Ö°Î»£¬Ìá¸ßµ³Ô±¸É²¿¼ÍÂÉÒâʶ£¬ÌáÉýµ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÍþÐÅ£¬Ô½·¢Í»³ö¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄ×÷Óú͹¦Ð§¶¨Î»¡£¶þÊÇÃ÷È·µ³Õ¾ßÓС°»ù´¡´ó·¨¡±Ö°Î»£¬Ö¸³ö¡°µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÖ÷Òª°üÀ¨ÕþÖμÍÂÉ¡¢×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Á®½à¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÈºÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Éú»î¼ÍÂÉ¡±£¬½â¾öÁ˺ã¾ÃÒÔÀ´¼ÍÂÉ·ÖÀ಻Çå¡¢ÄÚÈݲ»·óÃ÷È·µÄÎÊÌ⣬Ϊµ³Ô±¸É²¿»®³öÁË×ñÊؼÍÂɵÄÐÐΪµ×Ïß¡£ÈýÊÇ°ÑÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨Éè°ÚÔÚÊ×룬¼á¾öά»¤µ³ÖÐÑëȨÍþºÍ¼¯ÖÐͳһÁìµ¼£¬Îªµ³µÄ½¨ÉèÌṩ¼áʵµÄÕþÖΰü¹Ü¡£ËÄÊÇÑϸñÖ´¼Í£¬ÒÔ¸ü¸ß±ê×¼¡¢¸üÑÏÒªÇ󡢸ü¸ßÖÊÁ¿¹Üµ³Öε³£¬ÉîÈëÍƽøµ³·çÁ®Õþ½¨ÉèºÍ·´ÃÓÀö·Õù£¬¹¹½¨²»¸Ò¸¯¡¢²»¿É¸¯¡¢²»Ï븯µÄÓÐЧ»úÖÆ¡£
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³ÊÇ¿¿Âí¿Ë˼Ö÷ÒåÀíÂÛÎä×°ÆðÀ´µÄµ³£¬Ò²ÊÇ¿¿ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉÖýÔìÆðÀ´µÄµ³£¬²¢Æ¾½è¼ÍÂÉÑÏÃ÷µÄÌØÖʳÉΪÁìµ¼ÖйúÈËÃñµÄ½¹µãÁ¦Á¿¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³Ç¿´óµÄÁìµ¼Á¦£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ë®Æ½ÉÏÍ»³öÌåÏÖΪ¼ÍÂÉÔ¼ÊøÁ¦ºÍÖƶÈÖ´ÐÐÁ¦¡£Ò²ÕýÒò´Ë£¬Ï°½üƽ×ÜÊé¼ÇÉî¿ÌÖ¸³ö£ºÎÒÃÇÕâô´óÒ»¸öÕþµ³£¬¿¿Ê²Ã´À´¹ÜºÃ×Ô¼ºµÄ²½¶Ó£¿¿¿Ê²Ã´À´Õ½Ê¤Î£º¦ÌôÕ½£¿³ýÁËÕýÈ·ÀíÂۺͷÏßÄ¿±êÕþ²ßÍ⣬±ØÐë¿¿ÑÏÃ÷¹æ·¶ºÍ¼ÍÂÉ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢ÑÏÃ÷¼ÍÂÉÊÇÖйú¹²²úµ³¼áÇ¿Áìµ¼Á¦µÄÇ¿´óÖ§³Å
¡¡¡¡»ØÊ×µ³µÄ¶·ÕùÀú³Ì£¬Ì½Îöµ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦½¨ÉèµÄ¾ÑéºÍÃÜÂ룬ÎÒÃÇÉî¿ÌÈÏʶµ½£¬ÑÏÃ÷¼ÍÂÉÊÇÒ»¸öÕþµ³¾«ÉñÃæòºÍ×éÖ¯Á¦Á¿µÄ×ÛºÏÌåÏÖ£¬¸üÊÇÖйú¹²²úµ³¼áÇ¿ÎÞ±ÈÁìµ¼Á¦ÐγɵÄÖØÒªÒòËØ¡£µ³µÄÕþÖμÍÂÉ¡¢×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Á®½à¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÈºÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Éú»î¼ÍÂɵĽ¨É裬ΪÐγɼáÇ¿Áìµ¼Á¦ÌṩÁ˶෽ÃæµÄÌõ¼þºÍ°ü¹Ü¡£
¡¡¡¡1.ÑÏÃ÷ÕþÖμÍÂÉ£¬ÔöÇ¿µ³µÄͳÁìÁ¦
¡¡¡¡Ï°½üƽ×ÜÊé¼ÇÖ¸³ö£ºÑÏÃ÷µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬Ê×ÒªµÄ¾ÍÊÇÑÏÃ÷ÕþÖμÍÂÉ¡£µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÊǶ෽ÃæµÄ£¬µ«ÕþÖμÍÂÉÊÇ×îÖØÒª¡¢×î»ù´¡¡¢×îÒªº¦µÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬×ñÊص³µÄÕþÖμÍÂÉÊÇ×ñÊص³µÄÈ«²¿¼ÍÂɵÄÖØÒª»ù´¡¡£Ò»°ÙÄêÀ´£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³ÀÎÀÎץסÕþÖμÍÂÉÕâ¸ö¸Ù£¬Ê¼ÖÕ°ÑÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨Éè·ÅÔÚµÚһ룬Íƶ¯È«µ³Ö´Ðи÷Ïî¼ÍÂÉ£¬È·±£È«µ³ÍŽáͳһ£¬ÏÔÏÖ³ö³¬Ç¿µÄÕþÖÎÁìµ¼Á¦¡¢Ë¼ÏëÒýÁìÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³ÔÚ½µÉúʱ¾Í¸ß¶È×¢ÖØÕþÖμÍÂɺÍÕþÖιæÔò¡£Èçµ³µÄÒ»´óÌá³ö¡°Á½¸ö¸ôÀ롱£¬¼´¡°³¹µ×¸ôÀëͬ»Æɫ֪ʶ·Ö×ӽײ㼰ÆäËûÀàËƵ³ÅɵÄÒ»ÇÐÁªÏµ¡±¡°±ØÐëÓëÆóͼ×èµ²±¾µ³¸ÙÒªµÄµ³Åɺͼ¯ÍŸôÀëÒ»ÇÐÁªÏµ¡±¡£ÔÙÈç1929ÄêµÄ¹ÅÌO»áÃ÷ȷ˼Ï뽨µ³ºÍÕþÖν¨¾üµÈһϵÁÐÖØÒªÔÔò£¬Ö¸³ö£º¾ü¶Ó±ØÐë¾ø¶ÔÌý´Óµ³µÄÁìµ¼£¬¾üʱØÐëÌý´ÓÕþÖΡ£¶Ô´Ë£¬Ã«Ôó¶«Ìá³öµÄ¡°Â·ÏßÊÇ¡®ÍõµÀ¡¯£¬¼ÍÂÉÊÇ¡®á¡¯¡±£¬ÐÎÏóµØ˵Ã÷ÕþÖμÍÂÉÊÇ°ü¹Ü·Ïß¡¢Ä¿±ê¡¢Õþ²ßÂäʵµÄÇ¿Á¦ÊֶΣ¬Ö´ÐÐÕþÖμÍÂɵÄÄ¿µÄÊǹ᳹ÕþÖηÏß¡£
¡¡¡¡ÐÂÖйú½¨Á¢ºóÖÁ¸ïпª·ÅÐÂʱÆÚ£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³²»¾øº»ÊÃ÷ÈÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄÖƶȻù´¡£¬³ǫ̈ÁËÐí¶àµ³ÄÚ¹æÔò£¬Ìá³öÁËһϵÁÐÕþÖμÍÂÉÒªÇ󡣺ñȣ¬1954Äêµ³µÄÆß½ìËÄÖÐÈ«»á×÷³ö¡¶¹ØÓÚÔöÇ¿µ³µÄÍŽáµÄ¾öÒé¡·£»1980Äêµ³µÄʮһ½ìÎåÖÐÈ«»áͨ¹ý¡¶¹ØÓÚµ³ÄÚÕþÖÎÉú»îµÄÈô¸É×¼Ôò¡·£»1989ÄêÖй²ÖÐÑë¼ÍÂɼì²éίԱ»á·¢³ö¡¶¹ØÓÚÑÏÃ÷µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉά»¤µ³µÄÍŽáͳһµÄ֪ͨ¡·¡£µ³µÄÊ®Æߴ󱨸æÌرðÇ¿µ÷¡°È«µ³Í¬Ö¾Òª¼á¾öά»¤µ³µÄ¼¯ÖÐͳһ£¬×Ô¾õ×ñÊص³µÄÕþÖμÍÂÉ£¬Ê¼ÖÕͬµ³ÖÐÑë¼á³ÖÒ»Ö£¬¼á¾öά»¤ÖÐÑëȨÍþ£¬ÇÐʵ°ü¹ÜÕþÁîÁ÷ͨ¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÒÔÀ´£¬µ³ÖÐÑë°ÑÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨Éè×÷Ϊµ³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄ»ù´¡ÈÎÎñ£¬Öƶ¨ÊµÊ©ÁË¡¶Öй²ÖÐÑëÕþÖξֹØÓÚÔöÇ¿ºÍά»¤µ³ÖÐÑ뼯ÖÐͳһÁìµ¼µÄÈô¸É»®¶¨¡·¡¶¹ØÓÚÐÂÐÎÊÆϵ³ÄÚÕþÖÎÉú»îµÄÈô¸É×¼Ôò¡·¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂÉ´¦·ÖÌõÀý¡·µÈÖØÒªÌõ¹æ¡£ÕâЩÌõ¹æÃ÷È·»®¶¨µ³Ô±¸É²¿²»µÃ¹ûÕæÐû²¼Î¥±³ËÄÏî»ùÀ´Ô´Ôò¡¢Î¥±³ÍáÇúµ³µÄ¸ïпª·Å¾ö²ß»òÕßÆäËûÓÐÑÏÖØÕþÖÎÎÊÌâµÄÎÄÕ¡¢ÑÝ˵¡¢ÐûÑÔ¡¢ÉùÃ÷£»²»µÃÍýÒéµ³ÖÐÑë´óÕþÄ¿±ê£¬ÆÆ»µµ³µÄ¼¯ÖÐͳһ£»²»µÃ³ó»¯µ³ºÍ¹ú¼ÒÐÎÏó£¬Ú®»ÙÎÜÃïµ³ºÍ¹ú¼ÒÁìµ¼ÈË¡¢Ó¢ÐÛÄ£·¶£»²»µÃÍáÇúµ³Ê·¡¢¹úÊ·ºÍ¾üÊ·¡£Êµ¼ùÖУ¬ÕâЩÌõ¹æÊ×ÏȽ«¡°ËĸöÒâʶ¡±¡°Á½¸öά»¤¡±×÷ΪÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨Éè×îÖØÒªµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬²»¾øÔöÇ¿È«µ³ÕþÖμÍÂÉÒâʶ£»Æä´ÎÃ÷È·ÕþÖμÍÂÉÄÚÈÝ£¬Ìá³ö¡°Ê®¶þ¸ö½û¾ø¡±¡°Æ߸öÓÐÖ®¡±¡°Îå¸ö±ØÐ롱µÈÒªÇ󣬰ÑÁýͳµÄÕþÖμÍÂÉÄð³É¾ßÌå¶øÏêϸµÄÖƶÈÎı¾£»×îºóÑϲéÎ¥·´ÕþÖμÍÂÉÎÊÌ⣬ÔÚÈ«µ³Ðγɾ¯Ê¾½ÌÓýЧӦ¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¨¹ýÉÏÊöÆÊÎö¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬ÕþÖμÍÂÉÊǸ÷¼¶µ³×éÖ¯ºÍÈ«Ìåµ³Ô±ÔÚÕþÖÎÆ«Ïò¡¢ÕþÖÎÁ¢³¡¡¢ÕþÖÎÑÔÂÛ¡¢ÕþÖÎÐÐΪ·½Ãæ±ØÐë×ñÊصĹæÔò¡£ÔöÇ¿ÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨É衢ͻ³öÌåÏÖµ³µÄÕþÖι¦Ð§¡¢È·±£µ³µÄÕþÖÎÆ«Ïò£¬ÊÇά»¤µ³µÄÍŽáͳһµÄ»ù´¡°ü¹Ü¡£ÑÏÃ÷µ³µÄÕþÖμÍÂɺÍÕþÖιæÔò£¬Êǵ³µÄÕþÖÎÁìµ¼Á¦¡¢Ë¼ÏëÒýÁìÁ¦µÄ×é³ÉÒªËØ£¬ÊÇÔöÇ¿µ³µÄÕþÖÎÁìµ¼Á¦¡¢Ë¼ÏëÒýÁìÁ¦µÄÒªº¦ËùÔÚ¡£
¡¡¡¡2.ÑÏÃ÷×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ£¬Ç¿»¯µ³µÄ×éÖ¯Á¦
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÊǸ÷¼¶µ³×éÖ¯ºÍµ³Ô±ÔÚά»¤×é͎֯áͳһ·½Ãæ±ØÐë×ñÊصÄÐÐΪ׼Ôò£¬ÊÇ´¦Àíµ³×éÖ¯Ö®¼ä¡¢µ³×éÖ¯Óëµ³Ô±Ö®¼ä¹ØϵµÄÐÐΪ¹æ·¶¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³¸ß¶ÈÖØÊÓ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨É裬ÓÃÑϸñµÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉÅàÑøÖҳϽྻ¼ÌÐøµÄ¸ßËØÖʵ³Ô±¸É²¿£¬Î¬»¤µ³×éÖ¯µÄ´¿½àÐÔºÍÏȽøÐÔ£¬Í¨¹ýÇ¿»¯µ³µÄ×éÖ¯Á¦Ê¼ÖÕÓµÓÐÎ޼᲻´Ý¡¢ÎÞÍù²»¿°µÄÕ½¶·Á¦£¬Îª¹á³¹ÊµÊ©µ³µÄ·ÏßÄ¿±êºÍÕ½ÂÔ°²ÅÅÌṩ¼áÇ¿×éÖ¯°ü¹Ü¡£
¡¡¡¡ÁÐÄþÖ¸³ö£¬ÎÞ²ú½×¼¶ÔÚÕùÈ¡ÕþȨµÄ¶·ÕùÖУ¬³ýÁË×éÖ¯¶øÍ⣬ûÓбðµÄÎäÆ÷¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³½¨Á¢Ê±£¬ÖйúÓÐ300¶à¸öÕþÖÎÍÅÌ壬Ïà±ÈÖ®ÏÂÆäʱÖйú¹²²úµ³µ³Ô±ÊýÁ¿Î´¼¸¡¢Á¦Á¿±¡Èõ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³Ö®ËùÒÔÓÉСµ½´ó¡¢´ÓÈõÏòÇ¿£¬µ½½ñÌìÓµÓÐ9100¶àÍòµ³Ô±¡¢³ÉΪºã¾ÃÖ´ÕþµÄÊÀ½çµÚÒ»´óµ³£¬Ò»¸öÖØÒªÔÒòÔÚÓÚÆäʼÖո߶ÈÖØÊÓ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ¡¢º»Êµ½¨Ç¿×éÖ¯Ìåϵ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³ÒªÇóÿһλµ³Ô±±ØÐë¾ø¶ÔµØ×ñÊØ¡¢×Ô¾õµØÖ´ÐС¢¼á¾öµØά»¤µ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ¡£ÎªÁ˸ïÃüµÄʤÀû£¬ÎÞÊý¸ïÃüÕßÔÚ¿´²»¼ûµÄÕ½Ïß¡¢ÅÚ»ð·×·ÉµÄÕ½³¡£¬Ìý´ÓÕóÊÆ¡¢Ìý´ÓÃüÁ²»ÁßÎþÉüÉúÃü£¬Õ¹ÏÖ³ö¸ß¶È×Ô¾õµÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉÐÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÇ¿µ÷×éÖ¯ÔÔò¡£µ³µÄ¶þ´óÃ÷È·Ìá³ö¡°Èý¸öÌý´Ó¡±£¬¼´¡°È«¹ú´ó»á¼°ÖÐÑëÖ´ÐÐίԱ»áÖ®Òé¾ö£¬±¾µ³µ³Ô±½ÔÐë¾ø¶ÔÌý´ÓÖ®¡±¡°Ï¼¶»ú¹ØÐëÍêÈ«Ö´ÐÐÉϼ¶»ú¹ØÖ®ÃüÁ²»Ö´ÐÐʱ£¬Éϼ¶»ú¹ØµÃÈ¡Ïû»ò¸Ä×éÖ®¡±¡°±¾µ³Ò»Çм¯»á¾ùÈ¡¾ö´ó¶¼£¬ÉÙÊý¾ø¶ÔÌý´Ó´ó¶¼¡±¡£1938Ä꣬ëÔó¶«ÔÚµ³µÄÁù½ìÁùÖÐÈ«»á½øÒ»²½Ìá³ö¡°ËĸöÌý´Ó¡±£¬¼´µ³Ô±¸öÈËÌý´Óµ³µÄ×éÖ¯¡¢ÉÙÊýÌý´Ó´ó¶¼¡¢Ï¼¶×éÖ¯Ìý´ÓÉϼ¶×éÖ¯¡¢È«µ³¸÷¸ö×éÖ¯ºÍÈ«Ìåµ³Ô±Ìý´Óµ³µÄÈ«¹ú´ú±í´ó»áºÍÖÐÑëίԱ»á¡£ÓÈÆäÊǵ³ÕÂÃ÷È·»®¶¨ÃñÖ÷¼¯ÖÐÖÆÊǵ³µÄ»ù´¡×éÖ¯ÖƶȺÍÁìµ¼Öƶȣ¬»®¶¨ÁËÁùÏî»ùÀ´Ô´Ôò¡£ËùÓÐÕâЩ¶¼ÓÐЧµØά»¤Á˵³ÖÐÑëȨÍþºÍÈ«µ³µÄÍŽáͳһ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÖØÔÚ×éÖ¯Öƶȡ£ÆðÏȵ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉÐÎʽÁé»î¶àÑù£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÇÔÚµ³ÕÂÒÔ¼°µ³µÄÖØÒª¼¯»áÉÏÖظ´Ç¿µ÷£¬×¨Ãŵĵ³µÄ¼ÍÂɹæÔòÖƶÈÏà¶ÔǷȱ¡£1938Äêµ³µÄÁù½ìÁùÖÐÈ«»áͨ¹ýÁË¡¶¹ØÓÚ¸÷¼¶µ³²¿ÊÂÇé¹æÔòÓë¼ÍÂɵľö¶¨¡·£¬±ê¼ÇÖйú¹²²úµ³¿ªÊ¼´ÓÖƶÈÉÏ»®¶¨ÖÐÑëºÍµØ·½¸÷¼¶Áìµ¼»ú¹Ø¼°µ³µÄίԱ»á±¬·¢¡¢ÊÂÇéÈÎÎñÒÔ¼°¼ÍÂÉÔÔò¡£ÐÂÖйú½¨Á¢ºó£¬µ³µÄ×éÖ¯ÖƶȽ¨Éè²»¾ø¼ÓËÙ£¬¼ÍÂɹæÔòÈÕÒæÍêÉÆ¡£¸ïпª·Åºó£¬¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂÉ´¦·ÖÌõÀý¡·µÈһϵÁÐÉæ¼°µ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɵĵ³ÄÚ¹æÔòÏà¼ÌÖƶ¨¡£µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÒÔÀ´£¬µ³ÖÐÑ뽫×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄÒªÇó¾ßÌ廯¡¢Ã÷È·»¯£¬ºÃ±ÈÖØÐÂÐÞ¶©µÄ¡¶¹ØÓÚÐÂÐÎÊÆϵ³ÄÚÕþÖÎÉú»îµÄÈô¸É×¼Ôò¡·µÈµ³ÄÚ¹æÔòÖƶȣ¬ÎªÍƶ¯×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÌṩÁ˸üΪÔúʵµÄÖƶÈÒÀ¾Ý¡£±ðµÄ£¬ÔúʵÍƽøµ³µÄ¼ÍÂɼì²éÌåÖƸïС¢¹ú¼Ò¼à²ìÌåÖƺͼͼì¼à²ì»ú¹¹¸ïУ¬Îª×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɼලִ¼ÍÎÊÔðÌṩÁ˼áʵµÄÖƶȹ淶ºÍ×éÖ¯°ü¹Ü¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨Éèʵ¼ù¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£ºÑÏÃ÷×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚÇ¿»¯µ³Ô±×éÖ¯¿´·¨£¬Ôö½øµ³Ô±Ë¼ÏëÉÏÈÏͬ×éÖ¯¡¢ÕþÖÎÉÏÒÀ¿¿×éÖ¯¡¢ÊÂÇéÉÏÌý´Ó×éÖ¯¡¢Çé¸ÐÉÏÐÅÀµ×éÖ¯£¬Óë×éÖ¯¼á³ÖÒ»Ö¶ø²»Áí¸ãÒ»Ìס¢Î¬»¤ÍŽá¶ø²»À°ï½áÅÉ£¬×·Ëæµ³µÄ×éÖ¯Ò»ÆðÉú³¤£»ÓÐÀûÓÚ´ß´ÙÁìµ¼¸É²¿ÑϸñÖ´ÐÐÃñÖ÷¼¯ÖÐÖÆ¡¢ÖØ´óÎÊÌâÇëʾ±¨¸æµÈ»®¶¨£¬Ê¼ÖÕƾ¾Ý×éÖ¯ÔÔòºÍ¹æÔòΪÕþÓÃȨ¡¢Á¢Éí°ìÊ¡£ÓÉ´Ë£¬È·±£ÖÐÑëÕþÁîÁ÷ͨ£¬ÊµÏÖÈ«µ³Òâ־ͳһ¡¢³ÌÐòÒ»Ö£¬È·±£µ³Ô±¸É²¿×Ô¾õÌý´Ó×éÖ¯°²ÅÅ£¬Ö´ÐÐ×éÖ¯¾ö¶¨£¬½ÓÊÜ×éÖ¯ÖÎÀí¼à¶½£¬ÔÚÈκθÚλ¶¼ÓÃÐÄÂÄÖ°¾¡Ôð£¬ÎªÍê³É×éÖ¯µÄʹÃüÈÎÎñ¶ø²»Ð¸¶·Õù¡£Ò²ÕýÒò´Ë£¬Ï°½üƽ×ÜÊé¼ÇÇ¿µ÷£¬µ³µÄÁ¦Á¿À´×Ô×éÖ¯£¬µ³µÄÈ«ÃæÁìµ¼¡¢µ³µÄÈ«²¿ÊÂÇéÒª¿¿µ³µÄ¼áÇ¿×éÖ¯ÌåϵȥʵÏÖ£¬È«µ³Í¬Ö¾ÒªÏàÐÅ×éÖ¯¡¢ÒÀ¿¿×éÖ¯¡¢Ìý´Ó×éÖ¯£¬×Ô¾õ½ÓÊÜ×éÖ¯°²ÅźͼÍÂÉÔ¼Êø¡£Õâ¾ÍÉî¿ÌÆÊÎöÁ˵³µÄ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄ¼«¶ËÖØÒªÐÔ£¬¿ÆѧµØ½ÒʾÁË×éÖ¯¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÊǵ³Ç¿´ó×éÖ¯Á¦ºÍÕ½¶·Á¦µÄ»ù±¾¡£
¡¡¡¡3.ÑÏÃ÷Á®½à¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÌáÉýµ³µÄ¹«ÐÅÁ¦
¡¡¡¡Á®½à¼ÍÂÉÊǵ³×éÖ¯ºÍµ³Ô±ÔÚ´Óʹ«ÎñÔ˶¯»òÆäËûÓëÐÐʹְȨÓйصÄÔ˶¯ÖÐÓ¦µ±×ñÊصÄÁ®½àÓÃȨµÄÐÐΪ¹æ·¶ºÍ×¼Ôò£¬ÊÇʵÏָɲ¿ÇåÕý¡¢Õþ¸®ÇåÁ®¡¢ÕþÖÎÇåÃ÷µÄÖØÒª°ü¹Ü¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³Ê¼ÖÕ°ÑÁ®Õþ¼ÍÂɽ¨Éè×÷Ϊ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄÒªº¦£¬ÒªÇóµ³Ô±Áìµ¼¸É²¿ÓÀÔ¶×öÀ͸ÐÈËÃñµÄÆÕͨһԱ£¬³ýÁËÖ´·¨ºÍÕþı»®¶¨µÄ¸öÈËÀûÒæºÍÊÂÇéְȨÒÔÍ⣬²»µÃıÇóÈκÎ˽ÀûºÍÌØȨ£¬Í¬Ê±ÔÚ¸÷¸öʱÆÚ¼á¾öͬ¸÷ÏîÎ¥·´µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɹæÔò¡¢ÆÆ»µµ³µÄÐÎÏóµÄÐÐΪ½øÐж·Õù£¬ÓÀÝá¹²²úµ³ÈËÇåÕýÁ®½àµÄÕþÖα¾É«¡£¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³Á®½à×ÔÂÉ×¼Ôò¡·µÈ¹æÔò£¬»®¶¨¡°µ³Ô±¸É²¿±ØÐëÕýÈ·ÐÐʹÈËÃñ¸¶ÓëµÄȨÁ¦£¬ÇåÕýÁ®½à£¬×èµ²ÈκÎÀÄÓÃְȨ¡¢Ä±Çó˽ÀûµÄÐÐΪ¡±£¬Ìá³ö¡°Ëĸö±ØÐë¡¢°ËÌõ¹æ·¶¡±µÄÒªÇ󣬻®¶¨Á˲»¿É´¥ÅöµÄµ×Ïߣ¬Òýµ¼µ³Ô±¸É²¿Çå°××öÈË¡¢½à¾»×öÊ£¬×öÁ®½à×ÔÂÉ¡¢Á®½àÓÃȨ¡¢Á®½àÆë¼ÒµÄÄ£·¶£¬ÒÔ´ËÈ¡ÐÅÓÚÃñ£¬Ê÷Á¢¹ã·ºµÄ¹«ÐÅÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡1931Ä꣬ËÕÇøÖÐÑë¾ÖËùÔڵءª¡ª½Î÷Ҷƺ´åµÄËÕά°£Õþ¸®Ö÷ϯл²½Éý£¬ÀûÓÃְȨ̰ÎÛ´òÍÁºÀËùµÃ²ÆÎ·ÂÔìͨÐÐ֤˽×Ô··ÔËÎï×ÊIJȡ˽Àû¡£Ê±ÈÎÖй²Èð½ðÏØίÊé¼ÇµÄµËСƽºÍÖлªËÕά°£¹²ºÍ¹úÁÙʱÖÐÑëÕþ¸®Ö÷ϯëÔ󶫣¬¾ùÖ÷ÕÅÑϸñÖ´Ðз´¸¯ËàÌ°µÄ¼ÍÂÉͨÁÓèÒÔÑϳ͡£1932Äê5ÔÂ9ÈÕ£¬¾ÖлªËÕά°£ÁÙʱ×î¸ß·¨Í¥Åоö£¬Ð»²½Éý±»Ö´ÐÐǹ¾ö£¬³ÉΪÖйú¹²²úµ³·´ÃÓÀÃÀúÊ·Éϱ»Ç¹±ÐµÄµÚÒ»¸öÌ°¹Ù£¬³ä·ÖÏÔʾÖйú¹²²úµ³·´ÃÓÀõľö¶ÏÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡ÐÂÖйú½¨Á¢ºó£¬Ò»Ð©µ³Ô±¸É²¿Á®½à¼ÍÂÉ¿´·¨²»Ç¿£¬ÉõÖÁÌôÕ½µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɵ×Ïß¡£ÁõÇàɽ¡¢ÕÅ×ÓÉÆÔøΪÐÂÖйú½¨Á¢½øÐйýÓ¢Ó¶·Õù¡¢×÷³ö¹ýÒ»¶¨Ð¢¾´£¬µ«½ø³ÇºóÔÚ¾ÛÁ²½×¼¶Ë¼Ï븯»¯ÏÂÀûÓÃÖ°ÎñµÁÓù«¿î171ÍòÔª¡¢ÍµÇԾȼÃÁ¸¡¢ÇÖÍ̺ӹ¤Á¸¿î£¬Ôì³É±°ÁÓµÄÉç»áÓ°Ï졣ëÔó¶«ÈÏΪ£¬¡°ÕýÒòΪËûÃÇÁ½È˵Äְλ¸ß¡¢Àͼ¨´ó¡¢Ó°Ïì´ó£¬ËùÒÔ²ÅҪϾöÐÄ´¦¾öËûÃÇ¡£Ö»Óд¦¾öËûÃÇ£¬²Å¿ÉÄÜÍì¾È20¸ö¡¢200¸ö¡¢2000¸ö¡¢20000¸ö·¸ÓÐÖÖÖÖ²î±ðˮƽ¹ýʧµÄ¸É²¿¡±¡£1952Äê2ÔÂ10ÈÕ£¬ºÓ±±Ê¡ÕÙ¼¯2Íò¶àÈ˼ÓÈ빫Éó´ó»á£¬¶Ô¶þÈËÖ´ÐÐËÀÐÌ£¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇ¡°ÐÂÖйú·´¸¯µÚÒ»°¸¡±¡£Í¨¹ýÕâ¸öÑϸñÖ´¼ÍµÄ°¸Àý±êÃ÷£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³¼á¾öά»¤¼ÍÂÉÍþÑÏ£¬Ê¼ÖÕ¼á³ÖÇ¿´óµÄ¼ÍÂÉÍþÉåÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óºó£¬µ³ÖÐÑëÒÔÇ°ËùδÓеľöÐĺÍÆÇÁ¦·´¸¯³«Á®£¬²¢ÇÒ·ºÆðÈý¸öÏÔÖøÌص㣺һÊÇ·´¸¯Ö´¼ÍÎÞ½ûÇø¡£ÃÓÀ÷Ö×ÓÎÞÂÛ¼¶±ð¶à¸ß£¬¶¼Òª½ÓÊܵ³¼ÍÍõ·¨ÖƲã¬Èκε³Ô±¸É²¿¶¼Ã»ÓÐְλÉϵÄÄþ¾²µº£¬Ò²Ã»ÓÐÄêÁäÉϵÄÄþ¾²ÆÚ¡£ºÃ±È¶ÔÖÜÓÀ¿µ¡¢±¡ÎõÀ´¡¢¹ù²®ÐÛ¡¢Ðì²Åºñ¡¢ËïÕþ²Å¡¢Áî¼Æ»®¡¢ËÕÈÙµÈÒ»ÅúÕý¹ú¼¶¡¢¸±¹ú¼¶¡¢Ê¡²¿¼¶ÒÔÉÏ¡°´óÀÏ»¢¡±Á¢°¸Õì²é·¨°ì£¬Í»ÆÆÁËËùνµÄ¡°Ð̲»ÉÏÒ½Éú¡±µÄÁÏÏë¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³Ôڼᶨ¡°´ò»¢¡±µÄͬʱ£¬¼á¾ö¡°ÅÄÓ¬¡±³Í°ì¡°Î¢ÃÓÀá±£¬Í»ÆÆËùν¡°·¨²»ÔðÖÚ¡±µÄ¿´·¨¡£¶þÊÇ·´¸¯Ö´¼ÍÁãÈÝÈÌ¡£Æ¾¾ÝÖйú¼Í¼ì¼à²ì±¨µÄÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬1979ÄêÖÁ2018ÄêÉÏ°ëÄ꣬¹²600¶àÍòÈËÊܵ½µ³¼ÍÕþ¼Í´¦·Ö¡£µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÖÁ2017Äê10Ô£¬È«¹ú¼Í¼ì¼à²ì»ú¹Ø´¦ÀíÎÊÌâÏßË÷267.4Íò¼þ£¬Á¢°¸154.5Íò¼þ£¬´¦·Ö153.7ÍòÈË£¬ÉæÏÓ·¸·¨±»ÒÆËÍ˾·¨»ú¹Ø´¦Àí5.8ÍòÈË£¬Ê÷Á¢Æð¡°Î¥¼Í±Ø¾¿¡±µÄ¼ÍÂÉÍþÐÅ¡£ÈýÊÇ·´¸¯Ö´¼Í³£Ì¬»¯¡£µ³ÖÐÑë¼á³¤ÆÚ¾ÃΪ¹¦£¬µ³¼ÍÀû½£Ê¼ÖÕ¸ßÐü¡£ÈçÖÐÑë°ËÏî»®¶¨³ǫ̈ÒÔÀ´£¬³ÖÖ®ÒÔºãÒ»×¥¾¿¾¹£¬Ê±ÖÁ½ñÈÕ±ê×¼²»½µ¡¢ÒªÇó²»ËÉ¡¢²½·¥²»¼õ¡¢Æø·Õ²»µ£¬¹á³¹ÂäʵÁ¦¶ÈÒÀÈ»²»¼õ£¬ÖÐÑë¼Íί¹ú¼Ò¼àίÍøÕ¾ÈÔÈ»¼á³Ö°´ÆÚÐû²¼Î¥·´ÖÐÑë°ËÏî»®¶¨¾«ÉñÎÊÌâµÄͳ¼ÆÊý¾Ý¡£2013ÄêÖÁ2018Ä꣬ȺÖÚ¶Ô·´¸¯ÂúÒâ¶ÈÓÉ75%ÔöÖÁ93.9%£¬ÎåÄêÄÚÌá¸ß18.9¸ö°Ù·Öµã£¬ÓÐЧÌáÉýÁËÈËÃñ¶Ôµ³µÄÐÅÈζȡ£
¡¡¡¡4.ÑÏÃ÷ȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ£¬Òý·¢µ³µÄÕкôÁ¦
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ£¬Êǵ³×éÖ¯ºÍµ³Ô±´¦ÀíÓëÈËÃñȺÖÚÖ®¼ä¹ØϵµÄÐÐΪ¹æ·¶£¬ÊÇ´¦Àíµ³Èº¹ØϵµÄ×¼Ôò¡£Ò»¸öÕþµ³ÈºÖÚ¼ÍÂÉÓÅÁÓ£¬ÈËÃñȺÖÚ¿´ÔÚÑÛÀ¼ÇÔÚÐÄÀ²¢»áÔÚÒªº¦µÄÀúʷʱ¿Ì×÷³öÑ¡Ôñ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³°ÑȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ¿´µÃ¼«ÎªÖØÒª£¬ÕâÊÇÖйú¹²²úµ³Çø±ðÓÚÆäËûÕþµ³µÄÏÔÖø±ê¼Ç¡£ÒòΪȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉÑÏÃ÷Ó®µÃÁËÃñÐÄ£¬ÕùÈ¡ÁËÃñÒ⣬½ø¶øʹÈËÃñȺÖÚÈÏ¿ÉÎÒÃǵ³¡¢×·ËæÎÒÃǵ³£¬Ê¹µ³µÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦Ô½À´Ô½Ç¿¡¢Éç»áÕкôÁ¦Ô½À´Ô½Ç¿¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄȺÖÚ¼ÍÂɼ¯ÖÐÌåÏÖΪ±£»¤ÈËÃñÀûÒæ¡£Õ½ÕùÄê´ú£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³Îª¾ü¶ÓÖƶ¨µÄ¡°Èý´ó¼ÍÂÉ°ËÏî×¢Ò⡱£¬ÆäÖС°²»ÄÃȺÖÚÒ»ÕëÒ»Ïß¡±¡°½è¹¤¾ßÒª»¹¡±¡°Ë𻵹¤¾ßÒªÅ⡱¡°²»´òÈËÂîÈË¡±¡°²»Ëð»µ×¯¼Ú¡±¡°²»µ÷Ï·¸¾Å®¡±µÈ£¬¶¼ÊÇÈÕ³£Éú»îÖоßÌåµÄϸÊÂСÊ£¬Ç¡Ç¡ËµÃ÷Öйú¹²²úµ³µÄȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉÑÏÃ÷Ñϸñ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³ÔÙÈýÇ¿µ÷£º¸÷¼¶µ³×éÖ¯ºÍµ³Ô±²»ÔÊÐí¸ãÌØÊ⻯£¬²»ÔÊÐíÒÔÈκνè¿Ú¡¢ÈκÎÐÎʽÇÖÕ¼ºÍËðº¦ÈËÃñȺÖÚµÄÀûÒ棬ÌåÏÖΪȫÃæ³¹µ×µÄ¼ÍÂÉÐÔ¡£ÕýÒòΪÖйú¹²²úµ³ºÍÈËÃñ¾ü¶Ó¶ÔȺÖÚÀûÒæÇï¾ø²»·¸£¬Öð²½½¨Á¢Æðµ³Èº¡¢¾üÃñµÄÓãË®Ç飬²¢·¢¶¯Æðǧ°ÙÍòȺÖÚӻԾͶ¾ü¡¢Ö§Ô®Ç°Ïß¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉÍ»³öÌåÏÖÔÚº´ÎÀȺÖÚÀûÒæ¡£1990Äêµ³µÄÊ®Èý½ìÁùÖÐÈ«»á×÷³ö¡¶¹ØÓÚÔöÇ¿µ³Í¬ÈËÃñȺÖÚÁªÏµµÄ¾ö¶¨¡·¡¢2012ÄêÖй²ÖÐÑëÕþÖξÖͨ¹ý¡¶¹ØÓÚ¸ïÐÂÊÂÇé×÷·ç¡¢ÃÜÇÐÁªÏµÈºÖڵİËÏî»®¶¨¡·£¬¶¼Í»³öÇ¿µ÷ά»¤ÈºÖÚÀûÒæ¡£¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂÉ´¦·ÖÌõÀý¡·Ôò¶ÔÎ¥·´»®¶¨³¬±ê×¼¡¢³¬¹æÄ£ÏòȺÖÚ³ï×ʳïÀÍ¡¢Ì¯ÅÉÓöȡ¢¼ÓÖØȺÖÚµ£¸ºµÄ£¬¿ÛÁôÊÕ½ÉȺÖÚ¿îÎï»ò´¦·ÖȺÖڵģ¬¿Ë¿ÛȺÖÚ²ÆÎï¡¢ÍÏǷȺÖÚÇ®¿îµÄ£¬ÖÎÀíÉ漰ȺÖÚÊÂÎñʱµóÄÑȺÖÚ¡¢³ÔÄÿ¨ÒªµÄ£¬ÆäËûÇÖº¦ÈºÖÚÀûÒæÐÐΪµÄ£¬Ã÷Áî¼ÓÒÔ½ûÖ¹¡£Óë´Ëͬʱ£¬µ³ÖÐÑë¼Ó´óÁ¦¶È³Í°ìËðº¦ÈºÖÚÀûÒæ¡¢ÒýÆðÈËÃñȺÖÚÇ¿ÁÒ²»ÂúµÄÃÓÀÃÎÊÌ⣬ͨ¹ýרÏî¼ì²é¡¢ÁªºÏÖ´·¨¡¢¹ûÕæÆع⡢ִ¼ÍÎÊÔðµÈ·½·¨£¬ÉîÈëÕûÖÎÕ÷µØ²ðǨ¡¢Éæ·¨ÉæËß¡¢Äþ¾²Éú²ú¡¢Ê³Æ·Ò©Æ·Äþ¾²¡¢Çé¿ö±£»¤¡¢½ÌÓýÒ½ÁƵȷ½ÃæµÄÎ¥¼ÍÐÐΪ£¬ÔöÇ¿¶Ôµ³Ô±¸É²¿Î¥·´ÈºÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ·½ÃæµÄ¼à¶½£¬Î¬»¤µ³µÄȺÖÚ¼ÍÂɵÄÑÏËàÐÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³ÓÃÑÏÃ÷µÄȺÖÚ¼ÍÂÉÔ¼Êø×Ô¼ºµÄ²½¶Ó£¬Ô¼Êøµ³Ô±¸É²¿ÊÖÖеÄȨÁ¦£¬¾ø²»ÔÊÐíËðº¦ÈºÖÚµÄÀûÒ档ȺÖÚµÄÑÛ¾¦ÊÇÑ©ÁÁµÄ¡£µ±¿´µ½ÈËÃñ¾ü¶Ó·¹ýÅ©ÃñµÄÎ÷¹ÏµØ²»ÉìÊÖÒ²²»¾øÁô£¬½øÈ붼»áÄþ¿É¶ËÞ½ÖÍ·Ò²²»´ò½ÁȺÖÚ£¬ÈºÖÚ·¢×ÔÄÚÐĵØΪÖйú¹²²úµ³ºÍÈËÃñ¾ü¶ÓµãÔÞ¡£ÈËÃñȺÖÚÈÏ¿ÉÖйú¹²²úµ³£¬µ³µÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦±¬Åï¡¢ÕкôÁ¦¿ÕÇ°£¬¾¡ÔÚÇéÀíÖ®ÖС£
¡¡¡¡5.ÑÏÃ÷ÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ£¬ËÜÔìµ³µÄÓÅÁ¼×÷·ç
¡¡¡¡ÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉÊǵ³µÄ×éÖ¯ºÍµ³Ô±±ØÐë×ñÊصÄÊÂÇéÖ°ÔðºÍÔËÐеÄÐÐΪ¹æ·¶¡£¸ïÃüÕ½ÕùʱÆÚ£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³Æ¾¾ÝÐÎÊƱä¸ïÖƶ¨Ðí¶àÑϸñ¶øÃ÷È·µÄÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³Ö´Õþºó£¬Ïà¼ÌÓ¡·¢¸÷¸öÁìÓòµ³µÄÊÂÇéÌõÀý¡¢µØ·½µ³Î¯ÊÂÇéÌõÀý¡¢»ú¹ØÊÂÇéÌõÀý¡¢Å©´åÊÂÇéÌõÀýµÈ£¬ÏµÍ³ÌáʧÊÂÇé¼ÍÂɵÄÒªÇ󡣸ïпª·ÅÐÂʱÆÚµ³ÖÐÑëÖƶ¨µÄÐí¶àµ³ÄÚ¹æÔò£¬Î§ÈƵ÷ÑС¢¼¯»á¡¢Îļþ¡¢³ö·Ã¡¢³öÐС¢ÐÂÎű¨µÀ¡¢ÎĸåÐû²¼¡¢»ã±¨¡¢±¨¸æ¡¢¼ì²é¡¢ÊӲ졢Éó¼Æ¡¢¿¼ºËÊÂÇéµÈÖƶ¨ÁËһϵÁÐÑϸñµÄÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ¡£µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÒÔÀ´£¬¡°°ËÏî»®¶¨¡±µÄÂäʵºÍÖ´ÐУ¬ÖصãÕûÖι᳹ÖÐÑë¾ö²ß°²ÅŲ»Á¦ÎÊÌ⣬ÕûÖÎÐÎʽÖ÷Ò塢ȨҪÖ÷Òå¡¢ÏíÀÖÖ÷ÒåºÍÉÝÃÒÖ®·ç£¬¸ÄÉÆÁ˵³·çÕþ·ç¡¢ÌáÉýÁËÖιúÀíÕþЧÄÜ£¬ÔÚʵʩµ³µÄÁìµ¼¡¢ÔöÇ¿µ³µÄ½¨Éè¡¢Ìá¸ßµ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦¡¢Íƽøµ³µÄÊÂÒµÖз¢»ÓÁËÖØÒª°ü¹Ü×÷Óá£
¡¡¡¡ÑÏÊر£ÃܼÍÂÉÊǵ³µÄÓÅÁ¼¹Å°å¡£µ³ºÍ¹ú¼ÒÃØÃÜÖ»ÄÜÒÀÕÕ·¨¶¨³ÌÐòÔÚһ׼ʱÏÞÄÚʹһ¶¨¹æÄ£µÄÈËԱ֪Ϥ¡£Èç¹ûÉÃ×Ô¹ûÕæ»òÀ©´ó¹æÄ£¾ÍÊÇйÃÜ£¬¾Í»á¶Ôµ³ºÍ¹ú¼ÒµÄÄþ¾²ºÍÀûÒæÔì³ÉË𺦣¬ÉõÖÁ´øÀ´ÑÏÖؽá¹û¡£Òò´Ë£¬±ØÐë°´±£ÃÜÖƶÈЧÀÍ£¬°ÑÑÏÊر£ÃܼÍÂÉ×÷ΪÉñÊ¥Ö°Ôð¡£Õ½ÕùÄê´úÒ»´óÅú¸ïÃüÏÈÁÒΪÁËÊؾɵ³µÄÃØÃÜ¡¢Éú´æ×éÖ¯µÄÁ¦Á¿¡¢Î¬»¤×éÖ¯Äþ¾²£¬ÔÚ³ðÈËÑÏÐÌ¿½´òϼáÕ겻ƽ£¬ÌåÏÖÁ˵³µÄ±£ÃÜÕ½Ï߸߶ȵļÍÂÉÒâʶ£¬Îª¸ïÃüÊÂÒµ×÷³ö²»ÐàТ¾´¡£
¡¡¡¡±¨¸æÊÂÇéÖƶÈÊǵ³µÄÖØÒª¼ÍÂÉ¡£1923ÄêÖÐÑ빫²¼¡¶Öй²ÖÐÑëͨ¸æµÚÊ®¶þºÅ¡·£¬»®¶¨¸÷ÇøÿÔÂÎñÐ뽫¡°ÍâµØÕþÖΡ¢ÀͶ¯¼°µ³ÎñÇé¿ö¡±ÏòÖÐÑ뱨¸æ¡£½â·ÅÕ½ÕùÆڼ䣬µ³ÖÐÑ뻹Ðû²¼¡¶Öй²ÖÐÑë¹ØÓÚ¸÷ÖÐÑë¾Ö¡¢·Ö¾Ö¡¢¾üÇø¡¢¾üί·Ö»á¼°Ç°Î¯»áÏòÖÐÑëÇëʾ±¨¸æÖƶȵľöÒé¡·£¬Çëʾ±¨¸æÖƶÈÔÚÈ«µ³È«¾üÆձ齨Á¢ÆðÀ´¡£µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÒÔÀ´£¬µ³ÖÐÑëÓ¡·¢¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³ÖØ´óÊÂÏîÇëʾ±¨¸æÌõÀý¡·£¬¼ÈÑÏÃ÷ÁËÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ£¬Ò²Ç¿»¯ÁËÕþÖμÍÂɺÍ×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ¡£
¡¡¡¡×èµ²ÐÎʽÖ÷Ò塢ȨҪÖ÷ÒåÊÇÎÒÃǵ³¼«ÆäÖØÊÓµÄÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ¡£ÐÎʽÖ÷Ò塢ȨҪÖ÷ÒåÊÇÁìµ¼ÊÂÇéÖеÄͨ²¡¡£ÎÒÃÇËäÔø¶à´ÎÏòÐÎʽÖ÷Ò塢ȨҪÖ÷ÒåÐûÕ½£¬µ«Ð§¹û²»Õã¬Ê±Ê±Ê±¾Í¶ͷ·´µ¯£¬ÒѾ³ÉΪһÖÖ¾ÃÖβ»ÓúµÄÍç¼²¡£¡¶Öй²ÖÐÑëÕþÖξֹ᳹ÂäʵÖÐÑë°ËÏî»®¶¨µÄʵʩϸÔò¡·Ç¿µ÷£¬ÒªÒÔÓÀÔ¶ÔÚ·ÉϵÄִןÍÈ;¢£¬¼á³ÖÑÏ×Öµ±Í·¡¢È«Ãæ´ÓÑÏ¡¢Ò»ÑϾ¿¾¹£¬¼á¾öÆƳýÐÎʽÖ÷Ò塢ȨҪÖ÷Òå¡£Öصã½â¾ö×÷·çÆ®¸¡¡¢ÊÂÇ鲻ʵ£¬ÎÄɽ»áº£¡¢ÍâòÎÄÕ£¬Ì°Í¼ÐéÃû¡¢ÅªÐé×÷¼ÙµÈÎÊÌ⣻½â¾öÍÑÀëʵ¼Ê¡¢ÍÑÀëȺÖÚ£¬Ïû¼«Ó¦¸¶¡¢ÍÆÚó¶Æ¤£¬×÷·çá¡¢ÃÔÁµÌØȨµÈÎÊÌ⣬³ä·ÖÌåÏÖÁ˵³ÖÐÑëÑÏÃ÷ÊÂÇé¼ÍÂɵľöÐĺãÐĺÍÄÍÁ¦ÒãÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉÖ±½ÓÓ°ÏìÊÂÇéÄÜЧ£¬Ò²Éî¿ÌÓ°Ïìµ³µÄÊÂÇé×÷·ç¡£×÷·çÊǵ³µÄ¼ÍÂɵÄÍâÔÚÌåÏÖ¡£Ò»·½Ãæµ³µÄ×÷·çÒª¿¿¼ÍÂÉ¡£µ³¼ÍÑÏÃ÷×÷·ç¾ÍÓÅÁ¼£¬µ³¼ÍËɳÚ×÷·ç¾ÍÉ¢Âþ¡£ÁíÒ»·½Ãæµ³·ç¶ÔÕþ·ç¡¢Éç·ç¡¢Ãñ·çµÈ¾ßÓÐÒýÁìºÍʾ·¶×÷Óᣵ³·çÕýÔòÕþ·çÕý¡¢Éç·çÕý¡¢Ãñ·çÕý£»µ³·ç²»Õý£¬Õþ·ç¾Í»áÍÉ»¯£¬Éç·çºÍÃñ·çÒ²»áËɳڡ£ÓÉ´Ë£¬ÔöÇ¿µ³µÄÊÂÇé¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÊÇת±ä×÷·ç¡¢·¢»Óµ³µÄÓÅÁ¼×÷·çµÄÐèÒª£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÐÖúÓÚÌá¸ßÁìµ¼ÄÜÁ¦ºÍˮƽ¡¢ÖýÔìµ³µÄ¼áÇ¿Áìµ¼Á¦¡£
¡¡¡¡6.ÑÏÃ÷Éú»î¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÔöÇ¿µ³µÄÈ˸ñÁ¦Á¿
¡¡¡¡Éú»î¼ÍÂÉÊÇÖйú¹²²úµ³µ³Ô±ÔÚÈÕ³£Éú»îºÍÉç»á½»ÍùÖÐÓ¦µ±×ñÊصÄÐÐΪ¹æÔò£¬Éæ¼°¸öÈËÆ·µÂ¡¢¼ÒÍ¥ÃÀµÂ¡¢Éç»á¹«µÂµÈ¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³ÓÉÏȽø·Ö×ÓËù×é³É£¬ÀúÀ´ÖØÊÓÈ˸ñÐÞÑø£¬°ÑÉú»î¼ÍÂɺÍÆ·µÂ½¨Éè°ÚÔÚÍ»³öλÖá£Öйú¹²²úµ³¼á³ÖµÂ²Å¼æ±¸¡¢ÒÔµÂΪÏȵÄÓÃÈËÔÔò£¬Ôì¾ÍÁËǧ°ÙÍòÈçëÔó¶«ÔÚ¡¶¼ÍÄî°×Çó¶÷¡·Ò»ÎÄÖÐËù˵µÄ¡°ÓÐÆ·µÂµÄÈË¡¢ÍÑÀëÁ˳õ¼¶È¤Î¶µÄÈË¡±£¬ÐγÉÁËÆ·µÂÉϵÄÕþÖÎÓÅÊÆ¡£ÀÏÒ»±²ÎÞ²ú½×¼¶¸ïÃü¼ÒºÍÖî¶àÓ¢ÐÛÈËÎïÉíÉÏÉÁÒ«×ÅÆ·µÂ·ç·¶µÄÈ˸ñ¹âÏߣ¬¼¯ÖÐÌåÏÖÖйú¹²²úµ³µÄÈ˸ñ÷ÈÁ¦£¬²¢±¬·¢Ç¿´óµÄ¸ÐÕÙÁ¦¡£Êµ¼ùÖ¤Ã÷£¬µ³µÄÈ˸ñÁ¦Á¿À´×Ôºã¾ÃµÄÉú»î×ÔÂɺ;«Éñ×·Çó¡£ÕýÊÇÒÀ¿¿µ³Ô±¸É²¿ÑÏÊØÉú»î¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÕÃÏÔµ³µÄÈ˸ñÁ¦Á¿£¬²Å»ªÍŽáºÍÄý¾ÛÈËÃñȺÖÚ¡¢Íƽøµ³µÄΰ´óÊÂÒµ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔçÔÚÑÓ°²Õû·çʱ£¬Ã«Ô󶫾ÍÖ¸³ö£º¡°Ö»ÒªÎÒÃǵ³µÄ×÷·çÍêÈ«ÕýÅÉÁË£¬È«¹úÈËÃñ¾Í»á¸úÎÒÃÇѧ¡£¡±ÔÚµ³µÄÆß½ì¶þÖÐÈ«»áÉÏ£¬Ã«Ôó¶«Ç¿µ÷£º¡°Îñ±Øʹͬ־ÃǼÌÐøµØ¼á³ÖÇ«Ðé¡¢½÷É÷¡¢²»½¾¡¢²»ÔêµÄ×÷·ç£¬Îñ±Øʹͬ־ÃǼÌÐøµØ¼á³Ö¼è¿à¶·ÕùµÄ×÷·ç¡±¡£µ³µÄÆß½ì¶þÖÐÈ«»áƾ¾ÝëÔ󶫵ÄÌáÒ飬»¹×÷³ö¡°²»×öÊÙ£¬²»ËÍÀñ£¬ÉÙ¾´¾Æ£¬ÉÙÅÄÕÆ£¬²»ÒÔÈËÃû×÷µØÃû£¬²»°ÑÖйúͬ־ͬÂí¶÷ÁÐ˹ƽÁС±µÄÁùÌõ»®¶¨¡£Ã«Ôó¶«ÔÚ¡°½ø¾©¸Ï¿¼¡±Ç°ÎªÈ«µ³Á¢µÄÕâЩ¹æÔò£¬Ò²°üÀ¨×ÅÑÏÃ÷Éú»î¼ÍÂɵÄÒªÇó¡£
¡¡¡¡Éç»áÖ÷Ò彨ÉèºÍ¸ïпª·ÅʱÆÚ£¬Öйú¹²²úµ³´ÓδËÉ¿ªÉú»î¼ÍÂÉÕâ¸ùÏÒ£¬Öظ´ÒªÇóµ³Ô±¸É²¿×öµ½£ºÔÚƽ³£Éú»îÖÐÒª¾¯ÖÓ³¤Ãù£¬±ÜÃâ¡°ÌÇÒÂÅÚµ¯¡±¹¥ÆÆÈíÈõµÄÐÄÀí·ÀµØ£»ÔÚÊÂÇéÖ®ÍâµÄÉú»îÖмá³ÖÇåÐÑ£¬·À΢¶Å½¥£¬¾Ü¸¯»¯ÓÀ²»Õ´£¬¹ýºÃÇéȤ¹Ø¡¢ÃÀÉ«¹Ø¡£Õë¶ÔÏÖʵÖÐÒòΪÉú»î¼ÍÂÉËɳڱ¬·¢µÄÃÓÀÃÍÉ»¯Ê¼þ£¬Ò»Ð©µØ·½»¹×¨ÃÅÖƶ¨Éú»î×÷·çµÄ¡°Ê®¶þ½û¾ø¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄÊ®°Ë´óÒÔÀ´£¬µ³ÖÐÑëÌá³öÅàÑø¡°Öҳϡ¢½à¾»¡¢¼ÌÐø¡±µÄ¸ßËØÖʸɲ¿ÒªÇóºÍÐÅÄî¼á¶¨¡¢ÎªÃñЧÀÍ¡¢ÇÚÕþÎñʵ¡¢¸ÒÓÚ¼ÌÐø¡¢ÇåÕýÁ®½àµÄºÃ¸É²¿±ê×¼¡£¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂÉ´¦·ÖÌõÀý¡·¡¶Öйú¹²²úµ³Á®½à×ÔÂÉ×¼Ôò¡·µÈÃ÷È·»®¶¨£º²»ÐíÉú»îÉݳޡ¢Ì°Í¼ÏíÀÖ£¬²»ÐíÎ¥±³Á¼Ëס¢×·Çó³õ¼¶È¤Î¶£¬²»ÐíÎ¥·´Éç»á¹«µÂºÍ¼ÒÍ¥ÃÀµÂ£»»®¶¨Áìµ¼¸É²¿±ØÐë×¢ÖؼÒÍ¥¡¢¼Ò½Ì¡¢¼Ò·ç£¬Á®½àÆë¼Ò£¬×Ô¾õ´ø¶¯Ê÷Á¢Á¼ºÃ¼Ò·ç¡£
¡¡¡¡Éú»î¼ÍÂɲ»ÊǸöÈËСÊ¡¢Ë½Ê¡£Éú»î¼ÍÂÉʧÊØ£¬²»µ«ËɳÚÁìµ¼¸É²¿¸öÈËÐÎÏó£¬ÂäÈëÆ·µÂ±°ÁÓºÍÎ¥¼ÍÎ¥·¨µÄÉîÔ¨£¬²¢ÇÒËɳڵ³·çÕþ·çºÍÉç·çÃñ·ç£¬Ôì³É²»Á¼Éç»áÓ°Ïì¡£Áìµ¼¸É²¿Î¨ÓÐÑϸñ×ñÊØÉú»î¼ÍÂÉ£¬²Å»ªÂÊÏÈ´¹·¶¡¢ÒÔÉÏÂÊÏ£¬·¢¶¯µ³·çÕþ·çÏòÉÏÏòÉÆ£¬Ò²²ÅÓÐΪ¹Ù´ÓÕþµÄµ×Æø¡¢Õ¹ÏÖÁìµ¼ÄÜÁ¦¡¢´´Á¢ÊÂÇ鼨Ч£¬¸øµ³×éÖ¯ºÍÉç»áͨ±¨ÕýÄÜÁ¿£¬Ó®µÃÈËÃñȺÖÚÓµ»¤£¬Íƶ¯µ³µÄÊÂÒµÉú³¤¡£
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³ÒÔÑÏÃ÷µÄ¼ÍÂÉËÜÔìµ³µÄÐÎÏó¡¢ÖýÔìµ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦£¬Èÿí´óÈËÃñ¿´µ½µ³ÒÀ¿¿¼ÍÂÉÑÏÃ÷ºÍ×÷·çת±ä£¬ÊµÏÖÁËÃñ×å½â·ÅºÍ¹ú¼Ò¶ÀÁ¢¡¢´´Á¢Á˾¼Ã½¨ÉèºÍÉç»áÉú³¤µÄÆæ¼£¡¢¿ª´´ÁËÖιúÀíÕþµÄоÖÃ棬µ³ÓëÈËÃñ¹²Ïí¸ïÐÂÉú³¤½á¹û£¬½ø¶ø¶Ôµ³ÐÄÉñÍùÖ®¡¢ÈË×·ËæÖ®¡£ÓÉ´ËÑéÖ¤£ºÖйú¹²²úµ³¾ßÓмáÇ¿ÎޱȵÄÁìµ¼Á¦£¬¶øÕâÖÖÁ¦Á¿Àë²»¿ªµ³µÄÖÖÖÖ¼ÍÂɵĽ¨Éè¡£
¡¡¡¡Èý¡¢´òÔì¸üÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉ ÖýÔì¸üÇ¿´óµÄÁìµ¼Á¦
¡¡¡¡Ä¿½ñ£¬ÓµÓÐÅÓ´ó×éÖ¯ÌåϵµÄÖйú¹²²úµ³Ãæ¶ÔÇ°ËùδÓС¢·×ç¡ÅÓ´óµÄÌôÕ½ºÍΣº¦£¬ÒªÇÐʵµ£¸ºÆð¸ßÉеÄʹÃü£¬±ÈÀúÊ·ÉÏÈκÎʱÆÚ¶¼ÐèÒªÒ»¸öÔ½·¢¼áÇ¿ÓÐÁ¦µÄµ³ÖÐÑë¡¢ÐèÒªÖýÔìÔ½·¢Ç¿´óµÄÁìµ¼Á¦¡£Õâ¾ÍÒªÇóÎÒÃÇÔ½·¢×¢Öص³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨É裬Á¬Ðø´òÔìÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬ÓÃӲȨÁ¦ÎªÖйú¹²²úµ³Ìṩ¸üÇ¿´óµÄÁ¦Á¿Ö§³Å¡£
¡¡¡¡1.´Ó×ñÊص³ÕÂÈëÊÖ£¬°ÑÕþÖμÍÂÉÑÏÆðÀ´
¡¡¡¡Öйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂɽ¨Éèʵ¼ù¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£º¡°¸Ù¼Í²»Õ㬵³½«²»µ³£¬¹ú½«²»¹ú¡±£¬¡°Èç¹ûµ³µÄÕþÖμÍÂɳÉÁË°²ÅÅ£¬¾Í»áÐγɡ®ÆÆ´°Ð§Ó¦¡¯£¬Ê¹µ³µÄÕ³̡¢ÔÔò¡¢Öƶȡ¢°²ÅÅɥʧÑÏËàÐÔºÍȨÍþÐÔ£¬µ³¾Í»áÂÙΪ¸÷È¡ËùÐè¡¢×ÔÐÐÆäÊǵġ®Ë½È˾ãÀÖ²¿¡¯¡±¡£ÕâÊÇÖйú¹²²úµ³¼ÍÂɽ¨Éè¾ÑéµÄ¿Í¹Û×ܽᣬÊÇÓ¦¶ÔÊÀ½ç±ä¾ÖµÄÖ£Öؾ¯Ê¾¡£
¡¡¡¡Ç¿»¯ÕþÖμÍÂɽ¨É衢ά»¤µ³ÖÐÑëȨÍþºÍ¼¯ÖÐͳһÁìµ¼£¬Êǵ³µÄÊÂÒµ´ÓʤÀû×ßÏòʤÀûµÄÖØÒª°ü¹Ü¡£Òò´Ë£¬Òª°ÑÕþÖμÍÂÉ¿´³É´øµçµÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ßµ³Ô±¸É²¿¶ÔÔöÇ¿¡°ËĸöÒâʶ¡±¡¢¼á¶¨¡°Ëĸö×ÔÐÅ¡±¡¢×öµ½¡°Á½¸öά»¤¡±µÈÕþÖμÍÂɵÄÈÏʶ£»ÒªÃ÷È·ÕþÖμÍÂɵÄÄÚÈÝ£¬Ìá¸ß×ñÊØÕþÖμÍÂɵÄ×Ô¾õÐÔ£»Òª¹á³¹¹ØÓÚÕþÖμÍÂɵÄÖƶȹæÔò£¬ÑϲéÎ¥·´ÕþÖμÍÂɺÍÕþÖιæÔòµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÊØס¼ÍÂɵĵ×Ïß¡£
¡¡¡¡Ï°½üƽ×ÜÊé¼ÇÔÚµ³µÄÊ®¾Å´ó±¨¸æÖÐÖ¸³ö£¬¡°µ³ÕÂÊÇÎÒÃÇÁ¢µ³¡¢Öε³¡¢¹Üµ³µÄ×ÜÕ³̣¬ÊÇÈ«µ³×î»ù±¾¡¢×îÖØÒª¡¢×îÈ«ÃæµÄÐÐΪ¹æ·¶¡±¡£µ³ÕÂÃ÷È·Á˵³µÄÕþÖÎÊôÐÔ¡¢ÕþÖθÙÒª¡¢ÕþÖÎÄ¿±êµÈ£¬»®¶¨Á˵³µÄÕþÖμÍÂÉ£¬¾ßÓÐ×î¸ßÕþÖÎȨÍþ¡£Òò´Ë£¬Òª´Ó×ñÊص³ÕÂÈëÊÖ£¬°ÑÕþÖμÍÂÉÑÏÆðÀ´£¬ÒÔÕþÖμÍÂÉͳÁì×éÖ¯¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Á®½à¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÈºÖÚ¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÊÂÇé¼ÍÂÉ¡¢Éú»î¼ÍÂɽ¨É裬²»¾øº»ÊµºÍÔöÇ¿µ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦¡£
¡¡¡¡2.½¡È«¼à¶½Ö´¼ÍÌåϵ£¬È«ÃæÇ¿»¯µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉ
¡¡¡¡µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉ°üÀ¨Áù¸ö·½Ã棬¼à¶½Ö´¼Í´ÓÇáµ½ÖØ·ºÆð¡°ËÄÖÖÐÎ̬¡±£¬°üÀ¨×ñÊؼÍÂɺÍά»¤¼ÍÂÉÁ½¸ö»·½Ú£¬¼ÍÂɽ¨É躸ÇÖƶ¨¼ÍÂÉ¡¢¼à¶½Ö´ÐмÍÂɵÄÈ«Àú³Ì£¬Òò¶øÊÇÒ»¸öϵͳ¹¤³Ì¡£È«ÃæÔöÇ¿µ³µÄ¼ÍÂɽ¨É裬±ØÐ뽨Á¢»·»·Ïà¿Û¡¢²ã²ãµÝ½øµÄ¿Æѧִ¼ÍÌåϵ£¬ÓüÍÂɺ͹æÔò¹Üס¡°´ó´ó¶¼¡±£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÖƶȹæÔòÁ¢°¸²é´¦ÑÏÖØÎ¥¼ÍµÄ¡°ÉÙÉÙÊý¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡Ò»ÒªÒÔ˼ÏëÒýÁìΪǰÌᣬÔöÇ¿Ö´ÐмÍÂɵÄ×Ô¾õÐÔ¡£ÔöÇ¿µ³Ô±¸É²¿¼ÍÂɽÌÓý£¬Ê¹¼ÍÂÉÒâʶºÍÄÚºÒªÇóÈëÐÄÈëÄÔ¡£¼á³Ö×¥ÔçץСÔÔò£¬±ÜÃâСÎÊÌâ±äΪ´óÎÊÌâ¡£¼á³Ö¼à¶½Ö´¼Í¹Ø¿ÚÇ°ÒÆ£¬Í¨¹ý³Í·À²¢¾ÙÓÐЧ×è¶ÏÎ¥¼Í½ø³Ì£¬±ÜÃâÎ¥¼ÍÑÝ»¯ÎªÎ¥·¨¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þÒªÒÔÑÏËàÎÊÔðΪ»ù´¡£¬Âäʵ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèÔðÈÎÖÆ¡£¼á³ÖʧÔð±ØÎÊ¡¢ÎÊÔð±ØÑÏ£¬ÂäʵºÃ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄÕþÖÎÔðÈκ͵³Î¯µÄÖ÷ÌåÔðÈΡ¢¼ÍίµÄ¼à¶½ÔðÈΡ£Öƶ¨ÊµÊ©ÇÐʵ¿ÉÐеÄÔðÈÎ×·¾¿Öƶȣ¬Ðγɲã²ãѹʵÔðÈΡ¢»ý¼«ÂÄÐÐÔðÈεÄ̬ÊÆ¡£ÍêÉÆ×·ÔðÎÊÔð³¤Ð§»úÖÆ£¬¼á³Ö¼ÍÑÏÓÚ·¨¡¢¼ÍÔÚ·¨Ç°£¬½¡È«ÓÐȨ±ØÓÐÔð¡¢ÓÃȨ±Øµ£Ôð¡¢ÀÄȨ±Ø×·ÔðµÄÖÕÉí×·ÔðÎÊÔðÖƶȡ£
¡¡¡¡ÈýÒªÒÔÈ«Ãæ´ÓÑÏΪ½¹µã£¬Ìá¸ß¼à¶½Ö´¼ÍÎÊÔðʵЧ¡£ÎÞÂÛµ³Î¯ÕվɼÍί»òÏà¹ØÖ°Äܲ¿·Ö£¬¶¼Òª°Ñ¼à¶½Ö´¼Í×÷ΪӦ¾¡Ö®Ôð£¬ÐγɴÓÑÏÖ´¼ÍµÄÇ¿´óÐÁ¦¡£µ³Î¯£¨µ³×飩ҪÈÏÕæ¹á³¹Í¦¼ÍÔÚÇ°µÄÒªÇ󣬱§×Å¡°¸Ò¹Ü¡±µÄ̬¶È£¬ÕÆÎÕ¡°ÑϹܡ±µÄ±ê×¼£¬¹Üµ½Î»¡¢Ñϵ½Î»¡£¼Í¼ì»ú¹ØÒªÔÚµ³Î¯£¨µ³×飩ͳһÁ쵼ϿªÕ¹¼à¶½£¬¼á³Ö¶½Ö®ÓÐÀí¡¢³ÍÖ®Óоݣ¬¾«×¼·¢Ã÷ÎÊÌâ¡¢ÓÐЧ½â¾öÎÊÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡3.°Ñ¼ÍÂÉת»¯Îªµ³ÄÚ¹æÔòÖƶȣ¬Ç¿»¯¼ÍÂÉÔ¼ÊøÁ¦
¡¡¡¡¼ÍÂÉÔÚÒ»¶¨Ë®Æ½ÉϾö¶¨µ³µÄÖ´ÕþÄÜÁ¦ºÍÖιúÀíÕþµÄЧÂÊ£¬ÑÏÃ÷¼ÍÂÉÊÇÌá¸ßµ³µÄÁìµ¼Á¦µÄÐëҪ;¾¶¡£ÕýÈçÂí¿Ë˼Ëù˵µÄ£¬¡°±ØÐë¾ø¶Ô¼á³Öµ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉ£¬²»È»½«Ò»ÊÂÎ޳ɡ±¡£¼ÍÂɵÄÁ¦Á¿ÔÚÓÚÖ´ÐкÍÂäʵ¡£Òª±ÜÃâ¸÷Ïî¼ÍÂÉÓÐÁî²»¿É¡¢Óнû²»Ö¹¡¢¸÷ÐÐÆäÊÇ£¬±ØÐë°ÑÑϸñÖ´ÐмÍÂÉ¡¢Î¬»¤¼ÍÂÉÍþÑÏ×÷Ϊ¼ÍÂɽ¨ÉèµÄ¸ÖÌúÊÖÍ󣬾ø²»º¬ºýµØÖ´ÐмÍÂÉ¡¢¾ø²»°Úµ´µØά»¤¼ÍÂÉ¡¢¾ø²»ÁôÇéµØ²é´¦Î¥·´¼ÍÂɵÄÐÐΪ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÌúµÄ¼ÍÂÉÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¸ÕÐÔÔ¼Êø£¬Ô¼ÊøÁ¦Ô´×ÔÓÚÖƶȻ¯¡£ÒªÉÆÓÚ½áºÏʵ¼ÊÌá³ö¼ÍÂÉÒªÇó¡¢Öƶ¨¼ÍÂɹ淶£¬ÉÆÓÚ½«¼ÍÂÉת»¯ÎªÖƶȺ͵³ÄÚ¹æÔò£¬°ü¹Üµ³µÄ¸÷Ïî¾ö²ßÃñÖ÷»¯¡¢¿Æѧ»¯£¬°ü¹Ü¸÷ÏîÕþ²ßµÄÖ´ÐÐЧÄÜ¡£Óë´Ëͬʱ£¬ÒªÓÃÑÏÃ÷µÄ¼ÍÂÉά»¤µ³ÄÚ·¨ÖƺÍÖƶȣ¬ÒÔÓÐЧÎÊÔðÇ¿»¯µ³ÄÚ·¨ÖƺÍÖƶÈÖ´ÐУ¬Í¬²½ÔöÇ¿¼ÍÂÉÔ¼ÊøÁ¦ºÍÖƶÈÖ´ÐÐÁ¦¡£µ³ÄÚ¹æÔòÖƶÈÌåϵµÄ¡°ËÄÁº°ËÖù¡±»ù±¾½¨Á¢£¬ÒªÍƶ¯µ³Ô±¸É²¿Æ¾¾ÝÖƶÈÂÄÖ°¾¡Ôð¡¢ÔËÓÃÖƶÈıÊÂ×öÊ£¬ÓùæÔòÖƶȹÜȨ¹ÜʹÜÈË£¬±ÜÃâ¹æÔòÖƶȱäΪ¡°µ¾²ÝÈË¡±¡°Ö½ÀÏ»¢¡±£¬È·±£¹æÔòÖƶȷ¢»Ó¼ÍÂÉÔ¼ÊøÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡4.°ÑÖ´¼ÍÖ´·¨ÁìÎòÆðÀ´£¬ÌáÉý¼ÍÂÉÖ´ÐÐÁ¦
¡¡¡¡¼ÍÂÉÊÇÖε³½ä³ß£¬Ö´·¨ÊÇÖιúÖØÆ÷¡£Ê÷Á¢¼ÍÂɵÄÍþÑÏÔÚÓÚÖ´¼Í£¬Î¬»¤¼ÍÂɵÄЧÁ¦ÔÚÓÚÖ´·¨¡£µ³¼ÍÓëÍõ·¨¶¼Êǹú¼ÒÖÎÀíÌåϵµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬¶þÕßÄ¿±êÒ»Ö¡¢Ï໥¹ØÁª£¬µ«ÓÖ¸÷×Ô¶ÀÁ¢¡£Ö»ÓаѶþÕßÁìÎòÆðÀ´£¬²Å»ª³ä·Ö·¢»Óµ³¼ÍÍõ·¨µÄÖØÒª×÷Óá£Öйú¹²²úµ³ÔÚÍêÉƼÍÂÉÌåϵµÄͬʱ£¬Ô½·¢×¢ÖØÖ´¼ÍµÄ¿ÆѧÐÔ£¬Æ¾¾Ý¼à¶½Ö´¼ÍµÄ¡°ËÄÖÖÐÎ̬¡±£¬´ÓÇáµ½Öزã²ãÉè·À£¬ÔöÇ¿µ³µÄ¼ÍÂÉÍþÐÅ¡£¹ØÓÚÎ¥·¨·¸·¨µÄµ³Ô±£¬Æ¾¾Ý¡°ÏÈ´¦·ÖºóÒÆËÍ¡±ÔÔò£¬×öºÃµ³¼ÍÓëÖ´·¨µÄÏνӣ¬°ü¹Ü¹ú¼Ò³¤Öξ𲡣
¡¡¡¡Ö´·¨Ô¼ÊøµÄ¹¤¾ßÊǹ«Ãñ£¬µ³¼ÍÔ¼ÊøµÄ¹¤¾ßÊǵ³Ô±¡£µ³Ô±Ê×ÏÈÊǹ«Ãñ£¬±ØÐëÊØ·¨£¬²¢ÇÒÒª´ø¶¯ÊØ·¨¡£Öйú¹²²úµ³µ³Ô±ÊÇÖйúÈËÃñºÍÖлªÃñ×åÏÈ·æ¶ÓµÄÒ»·Ö×Ó£¬±ØÐë°Ñ¼ÍÂÉͦÔÚÖ´·¨Ç°Ã棬×öµ½µ³¼ÍÏÈÓÚÍõ·¨¡¢µ³¼ÍÑÏÓÚÍõ·¨£¬ÓÃÑϸñµÄ¼ÍÂÉÔ¼Êø×Ô¼º£¬²»Áô¿Õ°×²»Áôäµã£¬Ìá¸ßÖ´¼ÍºÍÖ´·¨µÄÄÜÁ¦ÓëЧÁ¦£¬²»¾øÔöÇ¿ºÍÖýÔìµ³µÄ¼áÇ¿Áìµ¼Á¦¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨À´Ô´£ºÖйúÁìµ¼¿Æѧ Ö´±ÊÈË£ºÍõÊÀÒ꣬Öй²½ËÕʡίµ³Ð£½ÌÊÚ¡¢ÖйúÁìµ¼¿ÆѧÑо¿»á³£ÎñÀíÊ£©
¼ì²ìÔÎÄ